Arduino vs ESP32 vs Raspberry Pi: Best for Students in the Philippines (2025)

Quick take: Kung first microcontroller mo, start with Arduino. If you need Wi-Fi/BLE + more power, go ESP32. For full Linux apps (camera, AI, dashboards), choose Raspberry Pi. Below, we compare difficulty, cost cues, and project fit para hindi sayang ang budget.
Table of Contents

Who should use what

  • Arduino — Best for absolute beginners, basic sensors/relays, science fair projects with simple logic. Madaling i-wire at i-code.
  • ESP32 — For IoT (Wi-Fi/BLE), logging to Google Sheets, web dashboards, and more speed than Arduino.
  • Raspberry Pi — Mini computer for vision, databases, Python apps, and multi-service projects (camera, Flask, Node-RED).

Budget cue: Arduino (₱) < ESP32 (₱₱) < Raspberry Pi (₱₱₱). Actual prices vary by model and market availability.

Quick comparison

FeatureArduino (Uno/Nano)ESP32 Dev BoardRaspberry Pi (Zero 2 W / 4 / 5)
TypeMicrocontrollerMicrocontroller (dual-core, Wi-Fi/BLE)Single-board computer (runs Linux)
Learning curvePinaka-beginner friendlyMedium (IoT/web adds complexity)Highest (OS, packages, Linux basics)
ConnectivitySerial, I2C, SPI (no native Wi-Fi)Wi-Fi + BLE built-inEthernet/Wi-Fi/BT (depends on model)
Typical useSensors, relays, motors, basic logicIoT logging, web servers, faster controlVision, databases, dashboards, Python apps
Power5V via USB/buck5V via USB/buck (more current)5V 2–5A (depends on model & load)
Best for PH studentsFirst build, science fairIoT/thesis prototypesCapstone, CV/AI, lab servers

Deep-dive: strengths & trade-offs

Arduino (Uno / Nano)

Why students love it: Simplest wiring, tons of example code, and “what you wire is what you get.” Walang OS to manage, so perfect pang-intro.

  • Pros: Cheapest, clean beginner path, reliable for sensors/motors, massive community.
  • Cons: Walang built-in Wi-Fi/BLE; limited speed and memory vs ESP32/Pi.

Great first buys: Arduino Uno, Arduino Nano, Arduino Starter Kit

ESP32

Why students upgrade: Built-in Wi-Fi/BLE + multi-core speed. Kaya ang web servers, Google Sheets logging, OTA updates, etc.

  • Pros: IoT-ready out of the box, much faster than Uno/Nano, low cost for features.
  • Cons: Slightly steeper learning curve (web, async, file systems), 3.3V I/O quirks.

Good picks: ESP32 Dev Board, ESP32-WROOM

Raspberry Pi

Why labs love it: Full Linux computer for cameras, databases, dashboards, Python/Node—perfect for CV and capstone projects.

  • Pros: Runs Python, OpenCV, Flask/Node-RED, can multitask services; HDMI, USB, camera support.
  • Cons: Pricier; availability can fluctuate; needs good 5V PSU (2–5A depending on model).

Student picks: Pi Zero 2 W, Raspberry Pi 4, Raspberry Pi 5, Pi Camera

Student-friendly starter kits (PH)

Arduino Starter (Under ₱1,500)

  • Arduino Uno/Nano, breadboard, jumper wires
  • LEDs, resistors, buzzer, button, basic sensors
  • See kitAdd sensors

ESP32 IoT Kit (Budget: ₱1,500–₱2,500)

  • ESP32 dev board, DHT22, soil sensor, OLED 0.96”
  • Sample code: Wi-Fi + Google Sheets logging
  • See kitOLED

Raspberry Pi Vision Kit (Budget: ₱3,500+)

  • Pi (Zero 2 W / 4 / 5), camera module, 32GB microSD
  • Project: motion detect timelapse or OCR
  • See PiPi Camera

Tip: Watch for student bundles and discounts during science fair season.

Project ideas per platform

Arduino

  • Smart Plant Watering (soil + relay + pump)
  • Line Follower Robot (TCRT5000 + L9110)
  • Temperature Alert (DHT22 + buzzer + OLED)

ESP32

  • IoT Data Logger to Google Sheets (Wi-Fi)
  • Local Web Dashboard (sensors on a webpage)
  • Wireless keypad → receiver (NRF24L01 + ESP32)

Raspberry Pi

  • Camera Motion Detect & Timelapse
  • Python + Flask dashboard with sensor API
  • OpenCV color sorting / object detection (basic)

Power & safety tips (student edition)

  • Use a quality 5V supply; avoid cheap 9V blocks for motors.
  • Mind logic levels: Arduino (5V), ESP32/Pi GPIO (3.3V).
  • Motors/relays = separate supply + common ground + flyback diode.
  • Label wires, keep leads short, and add a fuse for pumps/actuators.

Ready to build?

Check out our student bundles and kits at Circuitrocks. Need help choosing? Message us on FB/IG/TikTok — we’ll match your budget, deadline, and school requirements.

FAQ: PH students

Pwede bang 9V battery sa Arduino?

Pwede for simple LED/sensor tests, pero hindi ideal for motors/pumps (mahina at mabilis maubos). Mas okay ang 5V USB power bank o buck converter.

ESP32 or Arduino for science fair?

If wala namang Wi-Fi features, Arduino is simpler. If kailangan Google Sheets / web dashboard, go ESP32.

Raspberry Pi para sa beginners?

Kaya, pero expect steeper learning curve (Linux). For vision/dashboards, sulit. For basic sensors, Arduino/ESP32 is easier.

Saan makakabili ng legit boards sa PH?

Dito mismo: Circuitrocks. We stock boards, sensors, kits, and accessories + student bundles.